Everything about Dna Sequence totally explained
A
DNA sequence or
genetic sequence is a succession of letters representing the
primary structure of a real or hypothetical
DNA molecule or strand, with the capacity to carry
information.
The possible letters are
A,
C,
G, and
T, representing the four
nucleotide subunits of a DNA strand -
adenine,
cytosine,
guanine,
thymine bases covalently linked to phospho-backbone. In the typical case, the sequences are printed abutting one another without gaps, as in the sequence AAAGTCTGAC, going from 5' to 3' from left to right. A succession of any number of nucleotides greater than four is liable to be called a sequence. With regard to its biological function, which may depend on context, a sequence may be
sense or
anti-sense, and either
coding or
noncoding. DNA sequences can also contain "
junk DNA."
Sequences can be derived from the biological raw material through a process called
DNA sequencing.
In some special cases, letters besides A, T, C, and G are present in a sequence. These letters represent ambiguity. Of all the molecules sampled, there's more than one kind of nucleotide at that position. The rules of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (
IUPAC) are as follows:
A = adenine
C = cytosine
G = guanine
T = thymine
R = G A (purine)
Y = T C (pyrimidine)
K = G T (keto)
M = A C (amino)
S = G C (strong bonds)
W = A T (weak bonds)
B = G T C (all but A)
D = G A T (all but C)
H = A C T (all but G)
V = G C A (all but T)
N = A G C T (any)
See also
Further Information
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